From 76c72469eb1259f2ddd4a467b99d68f689833300 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Jiahao XU <Jiahao_XU@outlook.com>
Date: Mon, 14 Aug 2023 13:20:34 +1000
Subject: [PATCH] Refactor: Extract new crate `binstalk-fetchers` (#1291)

To reduce `binstalk` codegen and enable better reuse.

Signed-off-by: Jiahao XU <Jiahao_XU@outlook.com>
---
 Cargo.lock                                    |  25 +-
 Cargo.toml                                    |   1 +
 crates/bin/src/logging.rs                     |   2 +
 crates/binstalk-fetchers/Cargo.toml           |  31 +
 crates/binstalk-fetchers/LICENSE              | 674 ++++++++++++++++++
 crates/binstalk-fetchers/src/common.rs        |  60 ++
 .../src}/futures_resolver.rs                  |   0
 .../src}/gh_crate_meta.rs                     | 127 ++--
 .../src}/gh_crate_meta/hosting.rs             |   0
 .../src/lib.rs}                               |  99 ++-
 .../src}/quickinstall.rs                      |  39 +-
 crates/binstalk/Cargo.toml                    |   4 +-
 crates/binstalk/src/bins.rs                   |  29 +-
 crates/binstalk/src/errors.rs                 |  18 +
 crates/binstalk/src/helpers.rs                |   1 -
 crates/binstalk/src/helpers/tasks.rs          |   7 +-
 crates/binstalk/src/lib.rs                    |   2 +-
 crates/binstalk/src/ops.rs                    |   4 +-
 crates/binstalk/src/ops/resolve.rs            |   7 +-
 19 files changed, 1008 insertions(+), 122 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 crates/binstalk-fetchers/Cargo.toml
 create mode 100644 crates/binstalk-fetchers/LICENSE
 create mode 100644 crates/binstalk-fetchers/src/common.rs
 rename crates/{binstalk/src/helpers => binstalk-fetchers/src}/futures_resolver.rs (100%)
 rename crates/{binstalk/src/fetchers => binstalk-fetchers/src}/gh_crate_meta.rs (84%)
 rename crates/{binstalk/src/fetchers => binstalk-fetchers/src}/gh_crate_meta/hosting.rs (100%)
 rename crates/{binstalk/src/fetchers.rs => binstalk-fetchers/src/lib.rs} (79%)
 rename crates/{binstalk/src/fetchers => binstalk-fetchers/src}/quickinstall.rs (88%)

diff --git a/Cargo.lock b/Cargo.lock
index cf16d38f..e90cf835 100644
--- a/Cargo.lock
+++ b/Cargo.lock
@@ -244,9 +244,9 @@ dependencies = [
 name = "binstalk"
 version = "0.15.0"
 dependencies = [
- "async-trait",
  "atomic-file-install",
  "binstalk-downloader",
+ "binstalk-fetchers",
  "binstalk-registry",
  "binstalk-types",
  "cargo-toml-workspace",
@@ -258,11 +258,9 @@ dependencies = [
  "itertools",
  "jobslot",
  "leon",
- "leon-macros",
  "maybe-owned",
  "miette",
  "normalize-path",
- "once_cell",
  "semver",
  "strum",
  "target-lexicon",
@@ -309,6 +307,27 @@ dependencies = [
  "zstd 0.12.4",
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "binstalk-fetchers"
+version = "0.0.0"
+dependencies = [
+ "async-trait",
+ "binstalk-downloader",
+ "binstalk-types",
+ "compact_str",
+ "either",
+ "itertools",
+ "leon",
+ "leon-macros",
+ "miette",
+ "once_cell",
+ "strum",
+ "thiserror",
+ "tokio",
+ "tracing",
+ "url",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "binstalk-manifests"
 version = "0.8.0"
diff --git a/Cargo.toml b/Cargo.toml
index 39c2e512..03fee99c 100644
--- a/Cargo.toml
+++ b/Cargo.toml
@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@ members = [
     "crates/atomic-file-install",
     "crates/bin",
     "crates/binstalk",
+    "crates/binstalk-fetchers",
     "crates/binstalk-registry",
     "crates/binstalk-manifests",
     "crates/binstalk-types",
diff --git a/crates/bin/src/logging.rs b/crates/bin/src/logging.rs
index 787f07f4..2b5e4dbd 100644
--- a/crates/bin/src/logging.rs
+++ b/crates/bin/src/logging.rs
@@ -197,6 +197,8 @@ pub fn logging(log_level: LevelFilter, json_output: bool) {
         "atomic_file_install",
         "binstalk",
         "binstalk_downloader",
+        "binstalk_fetchers",
+        "binstalk_registry",
         "cargo_binstall",
         "cargo_toml_workspace",
     ]);
diff --git a/crates/binstalk-fetchers/Cargo.toml b/crates/binstalk-fetchers/Cargo.toml
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..89f26da6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/crates/binstalk-fetchers/Cargo.toml
@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+[package]
+name = "binstalk-fetchers"
+version = "0.0.0"
+edition = "2021"
+
+description = "The binstall fetchers"
+repository = "https://github.com/cargo-bins/cargo-binstall"
+documentation = "https://docs.rs/binstalk-fetchers"
+rust-version = "1.65.0"
+authors = ["Jiahao XU <Jiahao_XU@outlook.com>"]
+license = "GPL-3.0-only"
+
+[dependencies]
+async-trait = "0.1.68"
+binstalk-downloader = { version = "0.7.0", path = "../binstalk-downloader", default-features = false, features = ["gh-api-client"] }
+binstalk-types = { version = "0.5.0", path = "../binstalk-types" }
+compact_str = { version = "0.7.0" }
+either = "1.8.1"
+itertools = "0.11.0"
+leon = { version = "2.0.1", path = "../leon", features = ["miette"] }
+leon-macros = { version = "1.0.0", path = "../leon-macros" }
+miette = "5.9.0"
+once_cell = "1.18.0"
+strum = "0.25.0"
+thiserror = "1.0.40"
+tokio = { version = "1.30.0", features = ["rt", "sync"], default-features = false }
+tracing = "0.1.37"
+url = "2.3.1"
+
+[dev-dependencies]
+binstalk-downloader = { version = "0.7.0", path = "../binstalk-downloader" }
diff --git a/crates/binstalk-fetchers/LICENSE b/crates/binstalk-fetchers/LICENSE
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..f288702d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/crates/binstalk-fetchers/LICENSE
@@ -0,0 +1,674 @@
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+any patent claim is infringed by making, using, selling, offering for
+sale, or importing the Program or any portion of it.
+
+  11. Patents.
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+  A contributor's "essential patent claims" are all patent claims
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+
+  A patent license is "discriminatory" if it does not include within
+the scope of its coverage, prohibits the exercise of, or is
+conditioned on the non-exercise of one or more of the rights that are
+specifically granted under this License.  You may not convey a covered
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+
+  Nothing in this License shall be construed as excluding or limiting
+any implied license or other defenses to infringement that may
+otherwise be available to you under applicable patent law.
+
+  12. No Surrender of Others' Freedom.
+
+  If conditions are imposed on you (whether by court order, agreement or
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+to collect a royalty for further conveying from those to whom you convey
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+
+  13. Use with the GNU Affero General Public License.
+
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+permission to link or combine any covered work with a work licensed
+under version 3 of the GNU Affero General Public License into a single
+combined work, and to convey the resulting work.  The terms of this
+License will continue to apply to the part which is the covered work,
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+combination as such.
+
+  14. Revised Versions of this License.
+
+  The Free Software Foundation may publish revised and/or new versions of
+the GNU General Public License from time to time.  Such new versions will
+be similar in spirit to the present version, but may differ in detail to
+address new problems or concerns.
+
+  Each version is given a distinguishing version number.  If the
+Program specifies that a certain numbered version of the GNU General
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+version or of any later version published by the Free Software
+Foundation.  If the Program does not specify a version number of the
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+
+  If the Program specifies that a proxy can decide which future
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+  Later license versions may give you additional or different
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+
+  15. Disclaimer of Warranty.
+
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+  16. Limitation of Liability.
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+  17. Interpretation of Sections 15 and 16.
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+Program, unless a warranty or assumption of liability accompanies a
+copy of the Program in return for a fee.
+
+                     END OF TERMS AND CONDITIONS
+
+            How to Apply These Terms to Your New Programs
+
+  If you develop a new program, and you want it to be of the greatest
+possible use to the public, the best way to achieve this is to make it
+free software which everyone can redistribute and change under these terms.
+
+  To do so, attach the following notices to the program.  It is safest
+to attach them to the start of each source file to most effectively
+state the exclusion of warranty; and each file should have at least
+the "copyright" line and a pointer to where the full notice is found.
+
+    <one line to give the program's name and a brief idea of what it does.>
+    Copyright (C) <year>  <name of author>
+
+    This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+    it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+    the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+    (at your option) any later version.
+
+    This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+    but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+    MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+    GNU General Public License for more details.
+
+    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+    along with this program.  If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+
+Also add information on how to contact you by electronic and paper mail.
+
+  If the program does terminal interaction, make it output a short
+notice like this when it starts in an interactive mode:
+
+    <program>  Copyright (C) <year>  <name of author>
+    This program comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY; for details type `show w'.
+    This is free software, and you are welcome to redistribute it
+    under certain conditions; type `show c' for details.
+
+The hypothetical commands `show w' and `show c' should show the appropriate
+parts of the General Public License.  Of course, your program's commands
+might be different; for a GUI interface, you would use an "about box".
+
+  You should also get your employer (if you work as a programmer) or school,
+if any, to sign a "copyright disclaimer" for the program, if necessary.
+For more information on this, and how to apply and follow the GNU GPL, see
+<https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+
+  The GNU General Public License does not permit incorporating your program
+into proprietary programs.  If your program is a subroutine library, you
+may consider it more useful to permit linking proprietary applications with
+the library.  If this is what you want to do, use the GNU Lesser General
+Public License instead of this License.  But first, please read
+<https://www.gnu.org/licenses/why-not-lgpl.html>.
diff --git a/crates/binstalk-fetchers/src/common.rs b/crates/binstalk-fetchers/src/common.rs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..c748b101
--- /dev/null
+++ b/crates/binstalk-fetchers/src/common.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
+use std::sync::{
+    atomic::{AtomicBool, Ordering::Relaxed},
+    Once,
+};
+
+use binstalk_downloader::gh_api_client::{GhReleaseArtifact, HasReleaseArtifact};
+pub(super) use binstalk_downloader::{
+    download::{Download, ExtractedFiles},
+    gh_api_client::GhApiClient,
+    remote::{Client, Method, Url},
+};
+pub(super) use binstalk_types::cargo_toml_binstall::{PkgFmt, PkgMeta};
+pub(super) use compact_str::CompactString;
+pub(super) use tokio::task::JoinHandle;
+pub(super) use tracing::{debug, instrument, warn};
+
+use crate::FetchError;
+
+/// This function returns a future where its size should be at most size of
+/// 2-4 pointers.
+pub(super) async fn does_url_exist(
+    client: Client,
+    gh_api_client: GhApiClient,
+    url: &Url,
+) -> Result<bool, FetchError> {
+    static GH_API_CLIENT_FAILED: AtomicBool = AtomicBool::new(false);
+    static WARN_RATE_LIMIT_ONCE: Once = Once::new();
+    static WARN_UNAUTHORIZED_ONCE: Once = Once::new();
+
+    debug!("Checking for package at: '{url}'");
+
+    if !GH_API_CLIENT_FAILED.load(Relaxed) {
+        if let Some(artifact) = GhReleaseArtifact::try_extract_from_url(url) {
+            debug!("Using GitHub API to check for existence of artifact, which will also cache the API response");
+
+            // The future returned has the same size as a pointer
+            match gh_api_client.has_release_artifact(artifact).await? {
+                HasReleaseArtifact::Yes => return Ok(true),
+                HasReleaseArtifact::No | HasReleaseArtifact::NoSuchRelease => return Ok(false),
+
+                HasReleaseArtifact::RateLimit { retry_after } => {
+                    WARN_RATE_LIMIT_ONCE.call_once(|| {
+                        warn!("Your GitHub API token (if any) has reached its rate limit and cannot be used again until {retry_after:?}, so we will fallback to HEAD/GET on the url.");
+                        warn!("If you did not supply a github token, consider doing so: GitHub limits unauthorized users to 60 requests per hour per origin IP address.");
+                    });
+                }
+                HasReleaseArtifact::Unauthorized => {
+                    WARN_UNAUTHORIZED_ONCE.call_once(|| {
+                        warn!("GitHub API somehow requires a token for the API access, so we will fallback to HEAD/GET on the url.");
+                        warn!("Please consider supplying a token to cargo-binstall to speedup resolution.");
+                    });
+                }
+            }
+
+            GH_API_CLIENT_FAILED.store(true, Relaxed);
+        }
+    }
+
+    Ok(Box::pin(client.remote_gettable(url.clone())).await?)
+}
diff --git a/crates/binstalk/src/helpers/futures_resolver.rs b/crates/binstalk-fetchers/src/futures_resolver.rs
similarity index 100%
rename from crates/binstalk/src/helpers/futures_resolver.rs
rename to crates/binstalk-fetchers/src/futures_resolver.rs
diff --git a/crates/binstalk/src/fetchers/gh_crate_meta.rs b/crates/binstalk-fetchers/src/gh_crate_meta.rs
similarity index 84%
rename from crates/binstalk/src/fetchers/gh_crate_meta.rs
rename to crates/binstalk-fetchers/src/gh_crate_meta.rs
index 33d732c2..9c0d949f 100644
--- a/crates/binstalk/src/fetchers/gh_crate_meta.rs
+++ b/crates/binstalk-fetchers/src/gh_crate_meta.rs
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-use std::{borrow::Cow, iter, path::Path, sync::Arc};
+use std::{borrow::Cow, fmt, iter, marker::PhantomData, path::Path, sync::Arc};
 
 use compact_str::{CompactString, ToCompactString};
 use either::Either;
@@ -9,34 +9,24 @@ use tracing::{debug, warn};
 use url::Url;
 
 use crate::{
-    errors::{BinstallError, InvalidPkgFmtError},
-    helpers::{
-        download::{Download, ExtractedFiles},
-        futures_resolver::FuturesResolver,
-        gh_api_client::GhApiClient,
-        remote::{does_url_exist, Client},
-        target_triple::TargetTriple,
-        tasks::AutoAbortJoinHandle,
-    },
-    manifests::cargo_toml_binstall::{PkgFmt, PkgMeta},
+    common::*, futures_resolver::FuturesResolver, Data, FetchError, InvalidPkgFmtError, RepoInfo,
+    TargetDataErased,
 };
 
-use super::{Data, RepoInfo, TargetData};
-
 pub(crate) mod hosting;
 
 pub struct GhCrateMeta {
     client: Client,
     gh_api_client: GhApiClient,
     data: Arc<Data>,
-    target_data: Arc<TargetData>,
+    target_data: Arc<TargetDataErased>,
     resolution: OnceCell<(Url, PkgFmt)>,
 }
 
 impl GhCrateMeta {
     fn launch_baseline_find_tasks(
         &self,
-        futures_resolver: &FuturesResolver<(Url, PkgFmt), BinstallError>,
+        futures_resolver: &FuturesResolver<(Url, PkgFmt), FetchError>,
         pkg_fmt: PkgFmt,
         pkg_url: &Template<'_>,
         repo: Option<&str>,
@@ -46,7 +36,7 @@ impl GhCrateMeta {
             let ctx = Context::from_data_with_repo(
                 &self.data,
                 &self.target_data.target,
-                &self.target_data.triple,
+                &self.target_data.target_related_info,
                 ext,
                 repo,
                 subcrate,
@@ -94,7 +84,7 @@ impl super::Fetcher for GhCrateMeta {
         client: Client,
         gh_api_client: GhApiClient,
         data: Arc<Data>,
-        target_data: Arc<TargetData>,
+        target_data: Arc<TargetDataErased>,
     ) -> Arc<dyn super::Fetcher> {
         Arc::new(Self {
             client,
@@ -105,8 +95,8 @@ impl super::Fetcher for GhCrateMeta {
         })
     }
 
-    fn find(self: Arc<Self>) -> AutoAbortJoinHandle<Result<bool, BinstallError>> {
-        AutoAbortJoinHandle::spawn(async move {
+    fn find(self: Arc<Self>) -> JoinHandle<Result<bool, FetchError>> {
+        tokio::spawn(async move {
             let info = self.data.get_repo_info(&self.client).await?.as_ref();
 
             let repo = info.map(|info| &info.repo);
@@ -137,9 +127,11 @@ impl super::Fetcher for GhCrateMeta {
                         return Err(InvalidPkgFmtError {
                             crate_name: crate_name.clone(),
                             version: version.clone(),
-                            target: target.clone(),
-                            pkg_url: pkg_url.to_string(),
-                            reason: "pkg-fmt is not specified, yet pkg-url does not contain format, archive-format or archive-suffix which is required for automatically deducing pkg-fmt",
+                            target: target.into(),
+                            pkg_url: pkg_url.into(),
+                            reason:
+                                &"pkg-fmt is not specified, yet pkg-url does not contain format, \
+archive-format or archive-suffix which is required for automatically deducing pkg-fmt",
                         }
                         .into());
                     }
@@ -230,7 +222,7 @@ impl super::Fetcher for GhCrateMeta {
         })
     }
 
-    async fn fetch_and_extract(&self, dst: &Path) -> Result<ExtractedFiles, BinstallError> {
+    async fn fetch_and_extract(&self, dst: &Path) -> Result<ExtractedFiles, FetchError> {
         let (url, pkg_fmt) = self.resolution.get().unwrap(); // find() is called first
         debug!(
             "Downloading package from: '{url}' dst:{} fmt:{pkg_fmt:?}",
@@ -278,31 +270,74 @@ impl super::Fetcher for GhCrateMeta {
         &self.target_data.target
     }
 
-    fn target_data(&self) -> &Arc<TargetData> {
+    fn target_data(&self) -> &Arc<TargetDataErased> {
         &self.target_data
     }
 }
 
 /// Template for constructing download paths
-#[derive(Clone, Debug)]
+#[derive(Clone)]
 struct Context<'c> {
-    pub name: &'c str,
-    pub repo: Option<&'c str>,
-    pub target: &'c str,
-    pub version: &'c str,
+    name: &'c str,
+    repo: Option<&'c str>,
+    target: &'c str,
+    version: &'c str,
 
     /// Archive format e.g. tar.gz, zip
-    pub archive_format: Option<&'c str>,
+    archive_format: Option<&'c str>,
 
-    pub archive_suffix: Option<&'c str>,
+    archive_suffix: Option<&'c str>,
 
     /// Filename extension on the binary, i.e. .exe on Windows, nothing otherwise
-    pub binary_ext: &'c str,
+    binary_ext: &'c str,
 
     /// Workspace of the crate inside the repository.
-    pub subcrate: Option<&'c str>,
+    subcrate: Option<&'c str>,
 
-    pub triple: &'c TargetTriple,
+    target_related_info: &'c dyn leon::Values,
+}
+
+impl fmt::Debug for Context<'_> {
+    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> fmt::Result {
+        #[allow(dead_code)]
+        #[derive(Debug)]
+        struct Context<'c> {
+            name: &'c str,
+            repo: Option<&'c str>,
+            target: &'c str,
+            version: &'c str,
+
+            archive_format: Option<&'c str>,
+
+            archive_suffix: Option<&'c str>,
+
+            binary_ext: &'c str,
+
+            subcrate: Option<&'c str>,
+
+            target_related_info: PhantomData<&'c dyn leon::Values>,
+        }
+
+        fmt::Debug::fmt(
+            &Context {
+                name: self.name,
+                repo: self.repo,
+                target: self.target,
+                version: self.version,
+
+                archive_format: self.archive_format,
+
+                archive_suffix: self.archive_suffix,
+
+                binary_ext: self.binary_ext,
+
+                subcrate: self.subcrate,
+
+                target_related_info: PhantomData,
+            },
+            f,
+        )
+    }
 }
 
 impl leon::Values for Context<'_> {
@@ -324,7 +359,7 @@ impl leon::Values for Context<'_> {
 
             "subcrate" => self.subcrate.map(Cow::Borrowed),
 
-            key => self.triple.get_value(key),
+            key => self.target_related_info.get_value(key),
         }
     }
 }
@@ -333,7 +368,7 @@ impl<'c> Context<'c> {
     fn from_data_with_repo(
         data: &'c Data,
         target: &'c str,
-        triple: &'c TargetTriple,
+        target_related_info: &'c dyn leon::Values,
         archive_suffix: Option<&'c str>,
         repo: Option<&'c str>,
         subcrate: Option<&'c str>,
@@ -364,22 +399,19 @@ impl<'c> Context<'c> {
             },
             subcrate,
 
-            triple,
+            target_related_info,
         }
     }
 
     /// * `tt` - must have added a template named "pkg_url".
-    pub(self) fn render_url_with_compiled_tt(
-        &self,
-        tt: &Template<'_>,
-    ) -> Result<Url, BinstallError> {
+    fn render_url_with_compiled_tt(&self, tt: &Template<'_>) -> Result<Url, FetchError> {
         debug!("Render {tt:#?} using context: {self:?}");
 
         Ok(Url::parse(&tt.render(self)?)?)
     }
 
     #[cfg(test)]
-    pub(self) fn render_url(&self, template: &str) -> Result<Url, BinstallError> {
+    fn render_url(&self, template: &str) -> Result<Url, FetchError> {
         debug!("Render {template} using context in render_url: {self:?}");
 
         let tt = Template::parse(template)?;
@@ -389,10 +421,7 @@ impl<'c> Context<'c> {
 
 #[cfg(test)]
 mod test {
-
-    use std::str::FromStr;
-
-    use super::{super::Data, Context, TargetTriple};
+    use super::{super::Data, Context};
     use compact_str::ToCompactString;
     use url::Url;
 
@@ -405,12 +434,14 @@ mod test {
         template: &str,
         expected_url: &str,
     ) {
-        let triple = &TargetTriple::from_str(target).unwrap();
+        // The template provided doesn't need this, so just returning None
+        // is OK.
+        let target_info = leon::vals(|_| None);
 
         let ctx = Context::from_data_with_repo(
             data,
             target,
-            triple,
+            &target_info,
             Some(archive_format),
             data.repo.as_deref(),
             None,
diff --git a/crates/binstalk/src/fetchers/gh_crate_meta/hosting.rs b/crates/binstalk-fetchers/src/gh_crate_meta/hosting.rs
similarity index 100%
rename from crates/binstalk/src/fetchers/gh_crate_meta/hosting.rs
rename to crates/binstalk-fetchers/src/gh_crate_meta/hosting.rs
diff --git a/crates/binstalk/src/fetchers.rs b/crates/binstalk-fetchers/src/lib.rs
similarity index 79%
rename from crates/binstalk/src/fetchers.rs
rename to crates/binstalk-fetchers/src/lib.rs
index aaf0e5ac..12396579 100644
--- a/crates/binstalk/src/fetchers.rs
+++ b/crates/binstalk-fetchers/src/lib.rs
@@ -1,26 +1,72 @@
 use std::{path::Path, sync::Arc};
 
-use compact_str::CompactString;
-pub use gh_crate_meta::*;
-pub use quickinstall::*;
-use tokio::sync::OnceCell;
-use tracing::{debug, instrument};
-use url::Url;
-
-use crate::{
-    errors::BinstallError,
-    helpers::{
-        download::ExtractedFiles, gh_api_client::GhApiClient, remote::Client,
-        target_triple::TargetTriple, tasks::AutoAbortJoinHandle,
-    },
-    manifests::cargo_toml_binstall::{PkgFmt, PkgMeta},
+use binstalk_downloader::{
+    download::DownloadError, gh_api_client::GhApiError, remote::Error as RemoteError,
 };
+use thiserror::Error as ThisError;
+use tokio::sync::OnceCell;
+pub use url::ParseError as UrlParseError;
 
-pub(crate) mod gh_crate_meta;
-pub(crate) mod quickinstall;
+mod gh_crate_meta;
+pub use gh_crate_meta::*;
+
+mod quickinstall;
+pub use quickinstall::*;
+
+mod common;
+use common::*;
+
+mod futures_resolver;
 
 use gh_crate_meta::hosting::RepositoryHost;
 
+#[derive(Debug, ThisError)]
+#[error("Invalid pkg-url {pkg_url} for {crate_name}@{version} on {target}: {reason}")]
+pub struct InvalidPkgFmtError {
+    pub crate_name: CompactString,
+    pub version: CompactString,
+    pub target: CompactString,
+    pub pkg_url: Box<str>,
+    pub reason: &'static &'static str,
+}
+
+#[derive(Debug, ThisError, miette::Diagnostic)]
+#[non_exhaustive]
+#[cfg_attr(feature = "miette", derive(miette::Diagnostic))]
+pub enum FetchError {
+    #[error(transparent)]
+    Download(#[from] DownloadError),
+
+    #[error("Failed to parse template: {0}")]
+    #[diagnostic(transparent)]
+    TemplateParse(#[from] leon::ParseError),
+
+    #[error("Failed to render template: {0}")]
+    #[diagnostic(transparent)]
+    TemplateRender(#[from] leon::RenderError),
+
+    #[error("Failed to render template: {0}")]
+    GhApi(#[from] GhApiError),
+
+    #[error(transparent)]
+    InvalidPkgFmt(Box<InvalidPkgFmtError>),
+
+    #[error("Failed to parse url: {0}")]
+    UrlParse(#[from] UrlParseError),
+}
+
+impl From<RemoteError> for FetchError {
+    fn from(e: RemoteError) -> Self {
+        DownloadError::from(e).into()
+    }
+}
+
+impl From<InvalidPkgFmtError> for FetchError {
+    fn from(e: InvalidPkgFmtError) -> Self {
+        Self::InvalidPkgFmt(Box::new(e))
+    }
+}
+
 #[async_trait::async_trait]
 pub trait Fetcher: Send + Sync {
     /// Create a new fetcher from some data
@@ -29,13 +75,13 @@ pub trait Fetcher: Send + Sync {
         client: Client,
         gh_api_client: GhApiClient,
         data: Arc<Data>,
-        target_data: Arc<TargetData>,
+        target_data: Arc<TargetDataErased>,
     ) -> Arc<dyn Fetcher>
     where
         Self: Sized;
 
     /// Fetch a package and extract
-    async fn fetch_and_extract(&self, dst: &Path) -> Result<ExtractedFiles, BinstallError>;
+    async fn fetch_and_extract(&self, dst: &Path) -> Result<ExtractedFiles, FetchError>;
 
     /// Find the package, if it is available for download
     ///
@@ -45,7 +91,7 @@ pub trait Fetcher: Send + Sync {
     ///
     /// Must return `true` if a package is available, `false` if none is, and reserve errors to
     /// fatal conditions only.
-    fn find(self: Arc<Self>) -> AutoAbortJoinHandle<Result<bool, BinstallError>>;
+    fn find(self: Arc<Self>) -> JoinHandle<Result<bool, FetchError>>;
 
     /// Report to upstream that cargo-binstall tries to use this fetcher.
     /// Currently it is only overriden by [`quickinstall::QuickInstall`].
@@ -73,7 +119,7 @@ pub trait Fetcher: Send + Sync {
     /// Return the target for this fetcher
     fn target(&self) -> &str;
 
-    fn target_data(&self) -> &Arc<TargetData>;
+    fn target_data(&self) -> &Arc<TargetDataErased>;
 }
 
 #[derive(Clone, Debug)]
@@ -103,7 +149,7 @@ impl Data {
     }
 
     #[instrument(level = "debug")]
-    async fn get_repo_info(&self, client: &Client) -> Result<&Option<RepoInfo>, BinstallError> {
+    async fn get_repo_info(&self, client: &Client) -> Result<&Option<RepoInfo>, FetchError> {
         self.repo_info
             .get_or_try_init(move || {
                 Box::pin(async move {
@@ -194,12 +240,19 @@ impl RepoInfo {
 
 /// Target specific data required to fetch a package
 #[derive(Clone, Debug)]
-pub struct TargetData {
+pub struct TargetData<T: leon::Values + ?Sized> {
     pub target: String,
-    pub triple: TargetTriple,
     pub meta: PkgMeta,
+    /// More target related info, it's recommend to provide the following keys:
+    ///  - target_family,
+    ///  - target_arch
+    ///  - target_libc
+    ///  - target_vendor
+    pub target_related_info: T,
 }
 
+pub type TargetDataErased = TargetData<dyn leon::Values + Send + Sync + 'static>;
+
 #[cfg(test)]
 mod test {
     use super::*;
diff --git a/crates/binstalk/src/fetchers/quickinstall.rs b/crates/binstalk-fetchers/src/quickinstall.rs
similarity index 88%
rename from crates/binstalk/src/fetchers/quickinstall.rs
rename to crates/binstalk-fetchers/src/quickinstall.rs
index 157ae679..f0ffae25 100644
--- a/crates/binstalk/src/fetchers/quickinstall.rs
+++ b/crates/binstalk-fetchers/src/quickinstall.rs
@@ -1,23 +1,10 @@
 use std::{path::Path, sync::Arc};
 
-use compact_str::CompactString;
+use binstalk_types::cargo_toml_binstall::{PkgFmt, PkgMeta};
 use tokio::sync::OnceCell;
-use tracing::{debug, warn};
 use url::Url;
 
-use crate::{
-    errors::BinstallError,
-    helpers::{
-        download::{Download, ExtractedFiles},
-        gh_api_client::GhApiClient,
-        is_universal_macos,
-        remote::{does_url_exist, Client, Method},
-        tasks::AutoAbortJoinHandle,
-    },
-    manifests::cargo_toml_binstall::{PkgFmt, PkgMeta},
-};
-
-use super::{Data, TargetData};
+use crate::{common::*, Data, FetchError, TargetDataErased};
 
 const BASE_URL: &str = "https://github.com/cargo-bins/cargo-quickinstall/releases/download";
 const STATS_URL: &str = "https://warehouse-clerk-tmp.vercel.app/api/crate";
@@ -25,9 +12,13 @@ const STATS_URL: &str = "https://warehouse-clerk-tmp.vercel.app/api/crate";
 const QUICKINSTALL_SUPPORTED_TARGETS_URL: &str =
     "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/cargo-bins/cargo-quickinstall/main/supported-targets";
 
+fn is_universal_macos(target: &str) -> bool {
+    ["universal-apple-darwin", "universal2-apple-darwin"].contains(&target)
+}
+
 async fn get_quickinstall_supported_targets(
     client: &Client,
-) -> Result<&'static [CompactString], BinstallError> {
+) -> Result<&'static [CompactString], FetchError> {
     static SUPPORTED_TARGETS: OnceCell<Box<[CompactString]>> = OnceCell::const_new();
 
     SUPPORTED_TARGETS
@@ -60,11 +51,11 @@ pub struct QuickInstall {
     package_url: Url,
     stats_url: Url,
 
-    target_data: Arc<TargetData>,
+    target_data: Arc<TargetDataErased>,
 }
 
 impl QuickInstall {
-    async fn is_supported(&self) -> Result<bool, BinstallError> {
+    async fn is_supported(&self) -> Result<bool, FetchError> {
         self.is_supported_v
             .get_or_try_init(|| async {
                 Ok(get_quickinstall_supported_targets(&self.client)
@@ -83,7 +74,7 @@ impl super::Fetcher for QuickInstall {
         client: Client,
         gh_api_client: GhApiClient,
         data: Arc<Data>,
-        target_data: Arc<TargetData>,
+        target_data: Arc<TargetDataErased>,
     ) -> Arc<dyn super::Fetcher> {
         let crate_name = &data.name;
         let version = &data.version;
@@ -108,8 +99,8 @@ impl super::Fetcher for QuickInstall {
         })
     }
 
-    fn find(self: Arc<Self>) -> AutoAbortJoinHandle<Result<bool, BinstallError>> {
-        AutoAbortJoinHandle::spawn(async move {
+    fn find(self: Arc<Self>) -> JoinHandle<Result<bool, FetchError>> {
+        tokio::spawn(async move {
             if !self.is_supported().await? {
                 return Ok(false);
             }
@@ -145,7 +136,7 @@ by rust officially."#,
         }
     }
 
-    async fn fetch_and_extract(&self, dst: &Path) -> Result<ExtractedFiles, BinstallError> {
+    async fn fetch_and_extract(&self, dst: &Path) -> Result<ExtractedFiles, FetchError> {
         let url = &self.package_url;
         debug!("Downloading package from: '{url}'");
         Ok(Download::new(self.client.clone(), url.clone())
@@ -180,13 +171,13 @@ by rust officially."#,
         &self.target_data.target
     }
 
-    fn target_data(&self) -> &Arc<TargetData> {
+    fn target_data(&self) -> &Arc<TargetDataErased> {
         &self.target_data
     }
 }
 
 impl QuickInstall {
-    pub async fn report(&self) -> Result<(), BinstallError> {
+    pub async fn report(&self) -> Result<(), FetchError> {
         if !self.is_supported().await? {
             debug!(
                 "Not sending quickinstall report for {} since Quickinstall does not support these targets.",
diff --git a/crates/binstalk/Cargo.toml b/crates/binstalk/Cargo.toml
index 2e70281e..26413227 100644
--- a/crates/binstalk/Cargo.toml
+++ b/crates/binstalk/Cargo.toml
@@ -10,9 +10,9 @@ edition = "2021"
 license = "GPL-3.0-only"
 
 [dependencies]
-async-trait = "0.1.68"
 atomic-file-install = { version = "0.0.0", path = "../atomic-file-install" }
 binstalk-downloader = { version = "0.7.0", path = "../binstalk-downloader", default-features = false, features = ["gh-api-client"] }
+binstalk-fetchers = { version = "0.0.0", path = "../binstalk-fetchers" }
 binstalk-registry = { version = "0.0.0", path = "../binstalk-registry" }
 binstalk-types = { version = "0.5.0", path = "../binstalk-types" }
 cargo-toml-workspace = { version = "0.0.0", path = "../cargo-toml-workspace" }
@@ -24,11 +24,9 @@ home = "0.5.5"
 itertools = "0.11.0"
 jobslot = { version = "0.2.11", features = ["tokio"] }
 leon = { version = "2.0.1", path = "../leon" }
-leon-macros = { version = "1.0.0", path = "../leon-macros" }
 maybe-owned = "0.3.4"
 miette = "5.9.0"
 normalize-path = { version = "0.2.1", path = "../normalize-path" }
-once_cell = "1.18.0"
 semver = { version = "1.0.17", features = ["serde"] }
 strum = "0.25.0"
 target-lexicon = { version = "0.12.11", features = ["std"] }
diff --git a/crates/binstalk/src/bins.rs b/crates/binstalk/src/bins.rs
index 980069f2..5136552c 100644
--- a/crates/binstalk/src/bins.rs
+++ b/crates/binstalk/src/bins.rs
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ use crate::{
         atomic_install, atomic_install_noclobber, atomic_symlink_file,
         atomic_symlink_file_noclobber,
     },
-    helpers::{download::ExtractedFiles, target_triple::TargetTriple},
+    helpers::download::ExtractedFiles,
     manifests::cargo_toml_binstall::{PkgFmt, PkgMeta},
 };
 
@@ -99,7 +99,7 @@ impl BinFile {
             bin: base_name,
             binary_ext,
 
-            triple: data.triple,
+            target_related_info: data.target_related_info,
         };
 
         let (source, archive_source_path) = if data.meta.pkg_fmt == Some(PkgFmt::Bin) {
@@ -273,21 +273,26 @@ pub struct Data<'a> {
     pub meta: PkgMeta,
     pub bin_path: &'a Path,
     pub install_path: &'a Path,
-    pub triple: &'a TargetTriple,
+    /// More target related info, it's recommend to provide the following keys:
+    ///  - target_family,
+    ///  - target_arch
+    ///  - target_libc
+    ///  - target_vendor
+    pub target_related_info: &'a dyn leon::Values,
 }
 
-#[derive(Clone, Debug)]
+#[derive(Clone)]
 struct Context<'c> {
-    pub name: &'c str,
-    pub repo: Option<&'c str>,
-    pub target: &'c str,
-    pub version: &'c str,
-    pub bin: &'c str,
+    name: &'c str,
+    repo: Option<&'c str>,
+    target: &'c str,
+    version: &'c str,
+    bin: &'c str,
 
     /// Filename extension on the binary, i.e. .exe on Windows, nothing otherwise
-    pub binary_ext: &'c str,
+    binary_ext: &'c str,
 
-    pub triple: &'c TargetTriple,
+    target_related_info: &'c dyn leon::Values,
 }
 
 impl leon::Values for Context<'_> {
@@ -302,7 +307,7 @@ impl leon::Values for Context<'_> {
             // Soft-deprecated alias for binary-ext
             "format" => Some(Cow::Borrowed(self.binary_ext)),
 
-            key => self.triple.get_value(key),
+            key => self.target_related_info.get_value(key),
         }
     }
 }
diff --git a/crates/binstalk/src/errors.rs b/crates/binstalk/src/errors.rs
index db2e19cd..750e6507 100644
--- a/crates/binstalk/src/errors.rs
+++ b/crates/binstalk/src/errors.rs
@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ use std::{
 use binstalk_downloader::{
     download::DownloadError, gh_api_client::GhApiError, remote::Error as RemoteError,
 };
+use binstalk_fetchers::FetchError;
 use compact_str::CompactString;
 use miette::{Diagnostic, Report};
 use target_lexicon::ParseError as TargetTripleParseError;
@@ -94,6 +95,16 @@ pub enum BinstallError {
         leon::ParseError,
     ),
 
+    /// Failed to fetch pre-built binaries.
+    ///
+    /// - Code: `binstall::fetch`
+    /// - Exit: 68
+    #[error(transparent)]
+    #[diagnostic(severity(error), code(binstall::fetch))]
+    #[source_code(transparent)]
+    #[label(transparent)]
+    FetchError(Box<FetchError>),
+
     /// Failed to render template.
     ///
     /// - Code: `binstall::template`
@@ -352,6 +363,7 @@ impl BinstallError {
             UserAbort => 32,
             UrlParse(_) => 65,
             TemplateParseError(..) => 67,
+            FetchError(..) => 68,
             TemplateRenderError(..) => 69,
             Download(_) => 68,
             SubProcess { .. } => 70,
@@ -494,3 +506,9 @@ impl From<LoadManifestFromWSError> for BinstallError {
         BinstallError::LoadManifestFromWSError(Box::new(e))
     }
 }
+
+impl From<FetchError> for BinstallError {
+    fn from(e: FetchError) -> Self {
+        BinstallError::FetchError(Box::new(e))
+    }
+}
diff --git a/crates/binstalk/src/helpers.rs b/crates/binstalk/src/helpers.rs
index bbe9411e..019fd7a9 100644
--- a/crates/binstalk/src/helpers.rs
+++ b/crates/binstalk/src/helpers.rs
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-pub(crate) mod futures_resolver;
 pub mod jobserver_client;
 pub mod remote;
 pub(crate) mod target_triple;
diff --git a/crates/binstalk/src/helpers/tasks.rs b/crates/binstalk/src/helpers/tasks.rs
index 47bee796..6530c444 100644
--- a/crates/binstalk/src/helpers/tasks.rs
+++ b/crates/binstalk/src/helpers/tasks.rs
@@ -60,8 +60,11 @@ impl<T> Future for AutoAbortJoinHandle<T> {
     }
 }
 
-impl<T> AutoAbortJoinHandle<Result<T, BinstallError>> {
+impl<T, E> AutoAbortJoinHandle<Result<T, E>>
+where
+    E: Into<BinstallError>,
+{
     pub async fn flattened_join(self) -> Result<T, BinstallError> {
-        self.await?
+        self.await?.map_err(Into::into)
     }
 }
diff --git a/crates/binstalk/src/lib.rs b/crates/binstalk/src/lib.rs
index c3b467ff..295e6bfd 100644
--- a/crates/binstalk/src/lib.rs
+++ b/crates/binstalk/src/lib.rs
@@ -2,11 +2,11 @@
 
 mod bins;
 pub mod errors;
-pub mod fetchers;
 pub mod helpers;
 pub mod ops;
 
 use atomic_file_install as fs;
+pub use binstalk_fetchers as fetchers;
 pub use binstalk_registry as registry;
 pub use binstalk_types as manifests;
 pub use detect_targets::{get_desired_targets, DesiredTargets, TARGET};
diff --git a/crates/binstalk/src/ops.rs b/crates/binstalk/src/ops.rs
index d996e4d0..eb75b724 100644
--- a/crates/binstalk/src/ops.rs
+++ b/crates/binstalk/src/ops.rs
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ use std::{path::PathBuf, sync::Arc};
 use semver::VersionReq;
 
 use crate::{
-    fetchers::{Data, Fetcher, TargetData},
+    fetchers::{Data, Fetcher, TargetDataErased},
     helpers::{
         self, gh_api_client::GhApiClient, jobserver_client::LazyJobserverClient, remote::Client,
     },
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ use crate::{
 
 pub mod resolve;
 
-pub type Resolver = fn(Client, GhApiClient, Arc<Data>, Arc<TargetData>) -> Arc<dyn Fetcher>;
+pub type Resolver = fn(Client, GhApiClient, Arc<Data>, Arc<TargetDataErased>) -> Arc<dyn Fetcher>;
 
 #[non_exhaustive]
 pub enum CargoTomlFetchOverride {
diff --git a/crates/binstalk/src/ops/resolve.rs b/crates/binstalk/src/ops/resolve.rs
index fdf3414a..d6c73149 100644
--- a/crates/binstalk/src/ops/resolve.rs
+++ b/crates/binstalk/src/ops/resolve.rs
@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@ use crate::{
     helpers::{
         self, cargo_toml::Manifest, cargo_toml_workspace::load_manifest_from_workspace,
         download::ExtractedFiles, remote::Client, target_triple::TargetTriple,
+        tasks::AutoAbortJoinHandle,
     },
     manifests::cargo_toml_binstall::{Meta, PkgMeta, PkgOverride},
     ops::{CargoTomlFetchOverride, Options},
@@ -111,8 +112,8 @@ async fn resolve_inner(
 
                 Arc::new(TargetData {
                     target: target.clone(),
-                    triple,
                     meta: target_meta,
+                    target_related_info: triple,
                 })
             })
             .cartesian_product(resolvers)
@@ -123,7 +124,7 @@ async fn resolve_inner(
                     data.clone(),
                     target_data,
                 );
-                (fetcher.clone(), fetcher.find())
+                (fetcher.clone(), AutoAbortJoinHandle::new(fetcher.find()))
             }),
     );
 
@@ -305,7 +306,7 @@ fn collect_bin_files(
         meta,
         bin_path,
         install_path,
-        triple: &fetcher.target_data().triple,
+        target_related_info: &fetcher.target_data().target_related_info,
     };
 
     let bin_dir = bin_data